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Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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committed step in de novo lipogenesis: ACC1 activity is critical for regulated glucagon secretion and alpha cell growth. Malonyl-CoA is utilised by fatty acid synthase (FASN) to generate free fatty acids, which can be converted to fatty acyl-CoA esters via
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activated in response to a fall in plasma glucose to a value less than 70 mg/dL ( Hawkes et al. 2019 ). Activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and cortisol and growth hormone secretion also occur as the glucose falls below 60–65 mg/dL ( Hawkes et
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large part due to the development and growth of advanced single-cell sequencing technologies and unbiased molecular techniques, along with the increased availability of human islets that harbor a greater proportion of α cells. Recent work has revealed
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and while our understanding of human α cell biology is ever evolving, there are many opportunities for future studies. For example, the vast majority of α cell genes altered in T2D have no known role in islet cell growth or function, emphasizing the