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Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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unique. When glucose that is consumed orally, either by gavage or starting at the mouth, reaches the intestinal lumen, it is sensed by enteroendocrine K and L cells, which will release the incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zürich, Switzerland
School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Hamad M Mohammad MG Khan NA Saber MM Semreen MH & Steenblock C 2022 Long-COVID, metabolic and endocrine disease . Hormone and Metabolic Research 54 562 – 566 . ( https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1878-9307 ) Boucher J Kleinridders A & Kahn
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Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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( Szlapinski & Hill 2021 ). In humans, maternal insulin resistance is driven by placental growth hormone, placental lactogen, estrogen, progesterone, and other pregnancy hormones ( Newbern & Freemark 2011 ). During this potential state of metabolic stress, the