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Introduction Metformin is a biguanide drug that is widely prescribed as an oral antihyperglycaemic agent internationally and is recommended as the initial drug of choice for type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to recent joint European
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Centre of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Centre of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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) ( https://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.REGION2480A?lang=en Accessed (September) (2021)). Considering the health and economic consequences associated with obesity (type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, mortality), there
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extraction from food ( Bäckhed et al. 2007 ). The gut microbiota can also influence blood glucose. Lower bacterial diversity correlates with insulin resistance and higher adiposity (reviewed in Zhu & Goodarzi 2020 ). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated
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Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease characterized by severe loss of insulin secretion, requiring insulin replacement therapy for the individual’s lifetime. The disease is often diagnosed in children and adolescents, but
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European Associated Laboratory (EAL) ‘NeuroMicrobiota’, Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
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European Associated Laboratory (EAL) ‘NeuroMicrobiota’, Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
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Introduction Obesity is linked with many cardiometabolic risk factors, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although lowering body weight is effective for alleviating several of these
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Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Introduction The decrease in beta cells number could be due to limited proliferation and increased apoptosis, or both, which leads to chronic hyperglycemia as seen in type 1 diabetes (T1D), and at the end stage of type 2 diabetes (T2D
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Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH) for providing the Ghr fl/fl mouse model, and Dr Stuart J Frank (Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham) for providing the mouse GHR
The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Animal Core Facility, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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used for treating obesity and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia in rodents ( Villarroya et al. 2013 , 2017 , Wang et al. 2015 ). As stated previously, PCOS is frequently accompanied by abnormal metabolism ( Balen et al
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Introduction Obesity and obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes are steadily increasing worldwide with the improvement of people’s living standards and unhealthy lifestyle ( Mohammed et al. 2018 ). Obesity is a pathophysiological
Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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P R and R C were supported by Adelaide scholarship international from The University of Adelaide. References Allison DB Paultre F Maggio C Mezzitis N Pi-Sunyer FX 1995 The use of areas under curves in diabetes research