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Sunita M C De Sousa
Sunita M C De Sousa
Endocrine & Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
South Australian Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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South Australian Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Nèle F Lenders
Nèle F Lenders
Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Lydia S Lamb
Lydia S Lamb
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Warrick J Inder
Warrick J Inder
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
Academy for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Academy for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Ann McCormack
Ann McCormack
Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Introduction The pituitary gland, residing in the bony sella turcica, is composed of the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) derived from oral ectoderm and the posterior lobe (neurohypophysis) derived from neuroectoderm. The anterior lobe contains
Gary A Wittert
Gary A Wittert
Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Mathis Grossmann
Mathis Grossmann
Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Department of Endocrinology Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
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Bu B Yeap
Bu B Yeap
Medical School, University of Western Australia, and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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David J Handelsman
David J Handelsman
ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Andrology Department, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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muscle progenitor cells and muscle protein synthesis and inhibits adipogenic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells ( Herbst & Bhasin 2004 ). Testosterone, following aromatisation to E2, increases growth hormone (GH) secretion from the pituitary
Ken KY Ho
Ken KY Ho
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital and the UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Anthony J O’Sullivan
Anthony J O’Sullivan
St. George Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Morton G Burt
Morton G Burt
Southern Adelaide Diabetes and Endocrine, Flinders Medical Centre and College of Medicine and Public Health, and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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physiology, diagnosis, regulatory interactions, efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of GH replacement therapy covering the translational journey of replacement therapy. Physiology GH is the most abundant hormone in the adult pituitary gland
Adam Hagg
Adam Hagg
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Eliza O’Shea
Eliza O’Shea
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Craig A Harrison
Craig A Harrison
Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Kelly L Walton
Kelly L Walton
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Structurally related activins and inhibins coordinate the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis Inhibins were first postulated a century ago as gonadally derived hormones that could influence pituitary function and follicle-stimulating hormone
Eugenie Macfarlane
Eugenie Macfarlane
Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Hong Zhou
Hong Zhou
Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Markus J Seibel
Markus J Seibel
Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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synthesised in and released by the adrenal cortex. The synthesis and secretion of glucocorticoids is controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary where signals such as light, exercise, hypoglycaemia, infection, injury, or stress trigger the hypothalamic
Chau Thien Tay
Chau Thien Tay
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Rhonda Garrad
Rhonda Garrad
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Aya Mousa
Aya Mousa
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Mahnaz Bahri
Mahnaz Bahri
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Anju Joham
Anju Joham
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Helena Teede
Helena Teede
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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a feedback loop along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, the underlying causes of this syndrome can vary in their tissues and pathways of origin and nonetheless result in the same PCOS phenotype’ ( Dapas & Dunaif 2022 ). Figure 1 Genomic
