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Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 7E Meriter Hospital/Park, 202 South Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 7E Meriter Hospital/Park, 202 South Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
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Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 7E Meriter Hospital/Park, 202 South Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
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. Results from our studies to date have indicated that ATP (working through heptahelical P2Y2 receptors) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (working through VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)) in particular both stimulate comparatively low NO production in
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fracture repair ( Carano & Filvaroff 2003 , Keramaris et al . 2008 , Tang et al . 2012 ). Although fibroblast growth factor 2, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFBB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have all been associated as angiogenic
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likely to be regulated by multiple factors, either in a synergistic or complementary manner. It is interesting to note that, like relaxin, vascular endothelial growth factor ( Vegf ) expression is, in part, induced by estrogen both in the uterus and in
INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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INSERM U716, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Bâtiment INSERM, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
Unité INSERM 540, Montpellier, France
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progesterone. Previous studies have demonstrated that E 2 increases the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in uterine cells ( Cullivan-Bove & Koos 1993 , Shifren et al. 1996 , Bausero et al. 1998 ); this factor has emerged as one of
Department of OB/GYN, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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The Hebrew University Medical School of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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and GCs, PCOS is considered a chronic low-grade inflammatory disorder, associated with obesity, IR, and hyperandrogenism ( Schmidt et al. 2014 , Shorakae et al. 2015 , Peng et al. 2016 ). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an
Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Istituto San Raffaele, Neurosurgical Department, Milano, Italy
Ludwig-Maximilians University, Neurosurgical Department, Munich, Germany
Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen, Neurosurgical Department, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, FCEN-Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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involved in neovascularization, such as fibroblast growth factor-2, platelet-derived growth factors, transforming growth factor-β and members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family ( Carmeliet 2003 , Ferrara 2004 ). VEGF-A is one
Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ( Carmeliet & Jain 2011 ). In the heart, VEGF is produced by cardiac myocytes in response to hypoxia-induced factor 1α signaling ( Oka et al. 2014 ). VEGF stimulates angiogenesis by acting on the VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on
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Department of Applied Biology, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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fenestrated feature ( Norsted et al . 2008 , Mullier et al . 2010 , Ciofi et al . 2009 , 2011 , Morita & Miyata 2012 ). However, we have recently shown the occurrence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent continuous angiogenesis and the
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Angiogenesis and vascular transformation are important processes in the normal development of the placenta. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic growth factor and is thought to be important for placental development. Recently several new members of this family have been described. In this study we used in situ hybridisation to localise which cells in the placenta expressed mRNA for VEGF, placenta growth factor (PlGF), VEGF-B and VEGF-C. We were unable to find any message for either VEGF-B or VEGF-C in the placenta, suggesting that only low levels are produced which this method was unable to detect. The mRNA encoding VEGF was found to be produced by cells within the villous mesenchyme, decidual macrophages and decidual glands but, in contrast to our previous findings, not by trophoblast. The mRNA encoding PlGF was produced in large amounts by villous cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast. The mRNAs encoding VEGF and PlGF were thus not co-localised and it appears that there is unlikely to be any significant production of VEGF/PlGF heterodimer in the placenta.
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Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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.14 0.45 ± 0.16 2 95.71 ± 29.11 0.40 ± 0.18 VEGF 4 114.71 ± 29.67 0.48 ± 0.20* 6 143.14 ± 48.80* 0.63 ± 0.20** 2 110.14 ± 30.42 0.39 ± 0.14 VEGF + fetuin 4 132.00 ± 43.00* 0.47 ± 0.14 6