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State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP) at City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
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translation of these findings has been lagging, partly due to inconclusive results from large-scale studies on the benefits of post-menopausal hormone replacement in CVD prevention ( Low et al . 2002 ). This is attributed, at least in part, to the lack of a
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Introduction Corticosteroid hormones such as aldosterone and corticosterone are synthesized by specific enzymes in the adrenal cortex but now there is strong evidence that these enzymes are also present in other tissues ( Davies & MacKenzie
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autoantibody stimulates hormone synthesis, secretion, and cell growth, and induces thyrotoxicosis and goiter in the disease ( Kohn & Shifrin 1982 ). However, the precise mechanisms in which TSHR peptides are presented as antigens still remain unclear. Shimojo
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Introduction Oral ingestion of nutrients triggers the secretion of gut hormones from various enteroendocrine cells ( Ezcurra et al . 2013 , Cho et al . 2014 ). Among these, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic
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: effect of physicochemical and hormonal manipulations . Endocrinology 136 4754 – 4761 . Jang C Obeyesekere VR Dilley RJ Alford FP Inder WJ 2006 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 is expressed and is biologically active in human
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Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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administration ( McIntyre et al. 1965 ). The incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) potentiate meal-stimulated insulin secretion through direct and indirect actions on islet β-cells. The first
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reduced circulating IGF-1 and elevated GH-releasing hormone mRNA reported in Snord116del mice ( Qi et al . 2016 ) indicate that loss of Snord116 expression causes a pituitary-specific deficiency in the GH axis. Despite growth retardation, PWS-IC del
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& Lee Wong 2015 ). Although plasma DA concentration is similar to those of EPI, circulating DA does not act as a hormone because of its much lower potency. Plasma concentrations of NE and EPI increase dramatically in response to physical, psychological
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homeostasis is the hypothalamic PVN. Arginine vasopressin (AVP), a major neurohypophysial hormone within the HNS, is synthesised in magnocellular neurones of the hypothalamic PVN and SON ( Burbach et al . 2001 ) that project through the median eminence to the
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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systemic levels of calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fibroblastic growth factor-23 (FGF23) ( Moe et al. 2006 ). Hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism, and elevated FGF-23 are the primary indicators for the diagnosis