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Lisa L Koorneef Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Jan Kroon Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Eva M G Viho Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Lucas F Wahl Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Kim M L Heckmans Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Marloes M A R van Dorst Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Menno Hoekstra Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

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René Houtman Pamgene International, Den Bosch, The Netherlands

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Hazel Hunt Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, California, USA

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Onno C Meijer Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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transcriptional coregulator proteins. As the factors that determine GR transcriptional output are highly context dependent, genomic GC action is strongly tissue specific. Likewise, the efficacy of GR antagonists can depend on context-specific pharmacokinetics and

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David R Grattan Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand

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impaired in mice lacking the transcription factor STAT5b ( Grattan et al . 2001 ), likely through impairment in the long-term regulation of expression of the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase ( Arbogast & Voogt 1991 a , Ma

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Ping Ye
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Christopher J Kenyon MRC Blood Pressure Group, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK

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Scott M MacKenzie
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Katherine Nichol MRC Blood Pressure Group, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK

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Jonathan R Seckl MRC Blood Pressure Group, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK

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Robert Fraser
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John M C Connell
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Eleanor Davies
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analyzing levels of mRNA within a tissue, studies are open to the criticism that variations in transcription may not feed through to differences in enzyme level, or that the real limiting factor in the pathway may lie elsewhere. An elegant study by Gomez

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Carolina Gaudenzi Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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Karen R Mifsud Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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Johannes M H M Reul Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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transcriptional activity of the wildtype MR in murine renal cells ( Lema et al. 2017 ). More studies are therefore required to determine if such differences are cell- or species-specific, or a factor of circumstance ( Tables 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ). Figure 2

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Bernadette M Trojanowski Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Heba H Salem Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

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Heike Neubauer Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany

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Eric Simon Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany

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Martin Wagner Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Rajkumar Dorajoo Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore

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Bernhard O Boehm Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Imperial College London, London, UK

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Leticia Labriola Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
Department of Biochemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Thomas Wirth Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Bernd Baumann Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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might determine disease onset and clinical progression in MODY patients. Mutations in the PDX1 gene account for the well-characterized MODY4 subtype ( Stoffers et al. 1997 , Ahlgren et al. 1998 ). PDX1 is a transcription factor critically involved

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L Nicol
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M-O Faure MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de TOURS-Haras Nationaux, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK

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J R McNeilly
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J Fontaine MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de TOURS-Haras Nationaux, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK

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C Taragnat MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de TOURS-Haras Nationaux, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK

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A S McNeilly
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-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadal steroids. Despite these common regulators, divergences in the circulating patterns of LH and FSH are often encountered, suggesting that these regulators act differentially on the production of LH and FSH and/or that other factors

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Hyo Youl Moon
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Parkyong Song BioSignal Network Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Engineering Building 104, 689-805 Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Cheol Soo Choi BioSignal Network Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Engineering Building 104, 689-805 Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Sung Ho Ryu BioSignal Network Laboratory, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Engineering Building 104, 689-805 Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Pann-Ghill Suh
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-binding protein (SREBP) is a transcription factor that binds to the sterol regulatory element and regulates the expression of lipogenic enzymes, such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, FAS, and ACC1 ( Brown & Goldstein 1997 , Postic & Girard 2008 ). Prolonged

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Jin-Ran Chen Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

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Oxana P Lazarenko Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

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Haijun Zhao Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

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Alexander W Alund Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

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Kartik Shankar Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

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with activation of hundreds of transcription factors including nuclear receptors such as PPARγ. We found that PPARγ expression was increased in embryonic calvarial osteo-progenitor cells from HFD-induced obese dams ( Fig. 2A ). To determine whether HFD

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David E Maridas Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA

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Victoria E DeMambro Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA

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Phuong T Le Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA

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Kenichi Nagano Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Roland Baron Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Subburaman Mohan VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA

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Clifford J Rosen Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA

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Safe S 1999 Transcriptional activation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 by 17beta-estradiol in MCF-7 cells: role of estrogen receptor-Sp1 complexes . Endocrinology 140 2501 – 2508 . ( doi:10.1210/en.140.6.2501 ) Raykha C

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Yoshihiro Joshua Ono Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Yoshito Terai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Akiko Tanabe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Atsushi Hayashi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Masami Hayashi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Yoshiki Yamashita Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Satoru Kyo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Masahide Ohmichi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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extracellular matrix and on the cell surface ( Goldoni & Iozzo 2008 , Seidler & Dreier 2008 ). Decorin has been recently reported to sequester multiple growth factors, such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), and directly antagonizes several members of

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