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Alvaro Souto Padron Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Ruy Andrade Louzada Neto Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil
Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Thiago Urgal Pantaleão Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Maria Carolina de Souza dos Santos Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Renata Lopes Araujo Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Bruno Moulin de Andrade Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Monique da Silva Leandro Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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João Pedro Saar Werneck de Castro Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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Denise Pires de Carvalho Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto de Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica (INPeTAM), CCS-Bloco G- Cidade Universitria, Ilha do Fundo, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil

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these unequivocal effects on energy metabolism, 3,5-T2 might also affect the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis. Horst et al . (1995) have shown that 3,5-T2 treatment reduced serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T 4 ) levels as well

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-13-0502
Volume/Issue:
Volume 221: Issue 3
Open access
Nadia Schoenmakers University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Wellcome Trust‐Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Level 4, PO Box 289, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK

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Kyriaki S Alatzoglou University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Wellcome Trust‐Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Level 4, PO Box 289, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK

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V Krishna Chatterjee University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Wellcome Trust‐Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Level 4, PO Box 289, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK

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Mehul T Dattani University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Wellcome Trust‐Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Level 4, PO Box 289, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK

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Introduction Central congenital hypothyroidism (CCH) is a rare disorder in which inadequate thyroid hormone biosynthesis occurs due to defective stimulation of a normal thyroid gland by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The underlying molecular

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-15-0341
Volume/Issue:
Volume 227: Issue 3
Open access
J Fahrenkrug Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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B Georg Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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J Hannibal Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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H L Jørgensen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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the cytoplasm, CRY and PER proteins translocate into the nucleus and form inhibitory complexes feeding negatively back on their own transcription. A daily rhythmicity of circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) peaking at daytime in rats is well

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-17-0111
Volume/Issue:
Volume 233: Issue 3
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Shona Wood Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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Andrew Loudon Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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β sub-units of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These cells lack receptors for the hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) ( Bockmann et al . 1997 ), and do not respond to conventional hypothalamic outputs. In mammals, the MT1 receptor co

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-14-0141
Volume/Issue:
Volume 222: Issue 2
Open access
Joachim M Weitzel Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

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Torsten Viergutz Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

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Dirk Albrecht Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany

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Rupert Bruckmaier Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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Marion Schmicke Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology Laboratory, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany

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Armin Tuchscherer Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

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Franziska Koch Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

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Björn Kuhla Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany

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in an open or closed conformation, respectively ( Astapova & Hollenberg 2013 ). Concentrations of thyroid hormones in the circulation are regulated via the negative feedback loop by the action of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Beside these

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-17-0066
Volume/Issue:
Volume 234: Issue 2
Open access
Shuang-Xia Zhao
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Shanli Tsui Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Internal Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK

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Anthony Cheung
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Raymond S Douglas Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Internal Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Internal Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK

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Terry J Smith Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Internal Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Internal Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK

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J Paul Banga
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) ( Perros & Krassas 2009 , Bahn 2010 , Naik et al . 2010 ). In GD, thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) directed against the TSH receptor (TSHR) activate the thyroid gland, leading to excessive production of thyroid hormone and thyrotoxicosis ( Rees

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-11-0162
Volume/Issue:
Volume 210: Issue 3
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Lei Zhang School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

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Carol Paddon School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

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Mark D Lewis School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

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Fiona Grennan-Jones School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

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Marian Ludgate School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

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is common, affecting up to 2% of the population, and the majority of these individuals will have overactivation of the TSHR either by supraphysiological concentrations of TSH in hypothyroidism or from thyroid stimulating antibodies in Graves

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-09-0099
Volume/Issue:
Volume 202: Issue 2
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Qinglei Yin Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Liyun Shen Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Yicheng Qi Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, RenJi Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai, China

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Dalong Song Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China

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Lei Ye Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Ying Peng Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Yanqiu Wang Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Zhou Jin Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Guang Ning Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Weiqing Wang Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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Dongping Lin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Shu Wang Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Institute of EndocrineRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, China

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diabetes were excluded from this study. Besides, healthy controls had no family history of thyroid autoimmune disease or other autoimmune diseases. Clinical parameters, including thyrotropin (TSH), free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), thyroperoxidase antibody

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-19-0501
Volume/Issue:
Volume 246: Issue 2
Open access
Toyoshi Endo Third Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan

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Tetsuro Kobayashi Third Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan

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stimulates thyroid epithelial cells like TSH and induces thyrotoxicosis and goiter ( Shimojo et al . 1996 ). We previously reported the expression of TSHR in fat cells, the level of which is almost comparable with that in the thyroid ( Endo et al . 1995

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-09-0089
Volume/Issue:
Volume 202: Issue 2
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Scott Haston Developmental Biology and Cancer Research Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK

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Saba Manshaei Developmental Biology and Cancer Research Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK

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Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera Developmental Biology and Cancer Research Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK

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ectoderm. The AL contains five distinct hormone-producing cell types: somatotrophs, thyrotrophs, lactotrophs, corticotrophs and gonadotrophs, which secrete growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropin (ACTH

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-17-0258
Volume/Issue:
Volume 236: Issue 1
Open access