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β sub-units of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These cells lack receptors for the hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) ( Bockmann et al . 1997 ), and do not respond to conventional hypothalamic outputs. In mammals, the MT1 receptor co
Argentine Research Council (CONICET), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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DMH ( Enriori et al. 2011 ). Leptin activates the HPT axis via its direct action on thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) neurons of the PVH ( Perello et al. 2006 ) and also via an indirect action through ARH POMC and NPY/AgRP/GABA neurons that
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). Indeed, as discussed in detail below, direct SCN projections target many of the key neurosecretory hypothalamic cell groups including corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH), gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and
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release after TRH in aging male and female rats . Endocrine Research Communications 9 169 – 177 . ( doi:10.3109/07435808209045762 ) Grossman W 1980 Cardiac hypertrophy: useful adaptation or pathologic process? American Journal of Medicine
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, StAR and progesterone-associated steroidogenic enzymes in placentae of overnourished growing adolescent ewes . Reproduction 135 889 – 889 . ( https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-06-0294e ) 10.1530/REP-06-0294e Limesand SW Regnault TRH Hay WW Jr 2004
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-releasing hormone (TRH) . Hormone Research 23 151 – 158 . ( doi:10.1159/000180311 ) Shapiro LE Baron T 2013 Thyroid function in health and disease, with particular reference to brain death . In The Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Pathophysiology and Management
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in a variety of cellular functions and regulates cellular energy metabolism ( Duntas et al. 2011 ). Indeed, it may be plausible that any central effects of metformin on the TRH/TSH regulation involve the AMPK system. Metformin is proved to have an
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-protein diet changes deiodinase activities and pituitary TSH response to TRH in adult rats . Experimental Biology and Medicine 233 57 – 63 . Liu RH Mizuta M Matsukura S 2004 The expression and functional role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Division of Internal Medicine I, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Division of Internal Medicine I, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Division of Internal Medicine I, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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TRH-induced TSH secretion, supporting the hypothesis that this drug acts rapidly and profoundly with a generalized effect at the pituitary level. This hypothesis is further strengthened by evidence that, after 6 h, mitotane reduces Pomc expression
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effects of protirelin (TRH) on cultured porcine thyrocytes. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 15 345 –351. Wan Y , Wang L & Wu T 1994 The expression of retinoid X receptor genes is regulated by all-trans- and 9