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Hideyuki Takahashi School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Yohei Kurose School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Muneyuki Sakaida School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Yoshihiro Suzuki School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Shigeki Kobayashi School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Toshihisa Sugino School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Masayasu Kojima School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Kenji Kangawa School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Yoshihisa Hasegawa School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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Yoshiaki Terashima School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada-shi, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka 565-8565, Japan

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negative energy balance but inhibited under positive energy balance. Overall, it appears that ghrelin may play an important role in glucose metabolism, through modulation of insulin secretion, but this could be dependent on whether the organisms are

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0206
Volume/Issue:
Volume 194: Issue 3
Free access
R P Rhoads
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J W Kim
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M E Van Amburgh
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R A Ehrhardt
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S J Frank
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Y R Boisclair
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positive net energy balance. Under these conditions, GH attenuates the lipogenic response to insulin and simultaneously amplifies the lipolytic response to β-adrenergic signals ( Bauman & Vernon 1993 ). It is currently thought that these GH actions are

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0068
Volume/Issue:
Volume 195: Issue 1
Free access
Richard A Ehrhardt Departments of Animal Science and Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

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Andreas Foskolos Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK

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Sarah L Giesy Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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Stephanie R Wesolowski University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Christopher S Krumm Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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W Ronald Butler Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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Susan M Quirk Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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Matthew R Waldron Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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Yves R Boisclair Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

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surrounding parturition ( Block et al . 2001 , Reist et al . 2003 , Janovick et al . 2011 ). This rapid reduction in plasma leptin was caused by the onset of negative energy balance rather than depletion of adipose tissue or loss of the placenta ( Block

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 229: Issue 2
Free access
Fan Yang College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China

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Shuang Zhao College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China

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Pingqing Wang College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China

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Wei Xiang School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, P. R. China

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-Lozano et al. 2018 , Navarro 2020 ). For example, in the case of negative energy balance in which fasting leads to energy/nutrient deficiency, the onset of puberty and the acquisition of fertility are often delayed or inhibited to ensure the survival of

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-23-0079
Volume/Issue:
Volume 258: Issue 3
Free access
Georgia Balsevich Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Andres Uribe Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Klaus V Wagner Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Jakob Hartmann Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Sara Santarelli Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Christiana Labermaier Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Mathias V Schmidt Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany

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Introduction The global prevalence of obesity is rising ( Yach et al . 2006 ), emphasizing the need to decipher the complex regulatory mechanisms underlying energy balance. Evidence indicates that chronic stress is a risk factor for obesity

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-14-0129
Volume/Issue:
Volume 222: Issue 1
Free access
Hiroyuki Shimizu Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
Department of Regulation Biology, Saitama University, Saitama 378-8570, Japan

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Kinji Inoue Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
Department of Regulation Biology, Saitama University, Saitama 378-8570, Japan

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Masatomo Mori Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
Department of Regulation Biology, Saitama University, Saitama 378-8570, Japan

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. 2003 ). The important roles that POMC and MC4R play in the regulation of energy balance are evident from the presence of severe obesity in gene-knockout mice ( Huszar et al. 1997 , Yaswen et al. 1999 ) and in human subjects with mutations ( Krude

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-06-0144
Volume/Issue:
Volume 193: Issue 1
Free access
Z Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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P H Bisschop Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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E Foppen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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H C van Beeren Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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A Kalsbeek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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A Boelen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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E Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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powerful determinant of BAT activity ( Lopez et al . 2013 ). Thus, we expect that the present technique will enable studies on long-term metabolic consequence of central T 3 on energy balance in addition to glucose metabolism. Finally, as a recent study

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-15-0501
Volume/Issue:
Volume 229: Issue 1
Free access
Changjie Han Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA

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Yan Jiao Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA

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Qingguo Zhao Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA

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Baisong Lu Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA

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knocking out genes in neurons in energy balance studies ( Cohen et al . 2001 , Mori et al . 2004 ). Expression of cre in neurons is expected to remove the SA sequence in neurons of tr/tr mice, and thus increase the neuronal expression of transcripts 2

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-14-0071
Volume/Issue:
Volume 221: Issue 3
Free access
Michael E Symonds Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

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Mark Pope Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

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Ian Bloor Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

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James Law Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

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Reham Alagal Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Helen Budge Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

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production and as an endocrine organ ( Cypess et al. 2014 ). These different functions impact on a range of metabolic functions including appetite control, energy balance, glucose homeostasis, inflammation as well as the reproductive success ( Symonds et

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0075
Volume/Issue:
Volume 248: Issue 1
Free access
Shin-ya Ueda Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan

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Takahiro Yoshikawa Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan

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Yoshihiro Katsura Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan

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Tatsuya Usui Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan

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Shigeo Fujimoto Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan

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session, but simply expressed as amount of energy ingested at lunch. In the present studies, we focused on how much energy subjects can consume at lunch after each session. In future studies, it is also worthwhile to evaluate the energy balance in the long

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-09-0190
Volume/Issue:
Volume 203: Issue 3
Free access