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Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Introduction When Geoffrey Harris wrote his influential monograph on ‘Neural Control of the Pituitary Gland’, it was already apparent that prolactin, or ‘lactogenic hormone’ as he referred to it, might be controlled differently to the other
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Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, USA
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( Kaneko et al. 2008 , Konno et al. 2010 ). Decades of comparative study have revealed that a conserved function for prolactin (Prl) across vertebrates is the regulation of ion and water transport ( Bole-Feysot et al. 1998 ). In teleosts, Prl
Clinical Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
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YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
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receptors can bind PACAP and VIP with similar affinity ( Vaudry et al . 2009 ). In mammals, VIP is well-documented as a stimulator for prolactin (PRL) release ( Christian et al . 2007 ) but the functional role of PACAP in PRL regulation is controversial
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maternal prolactin (PRL) with the dopamine agonist bromo-α-ergocryptine (Bro). This method programs for obesity, hyperleptinemia, leptin resistance ( Bonomo et al . 2007 ), and hypothyroidism ( Bonomo et al . 2008 ), and symptoms (including insulin
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Hospital General de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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linked to insulin resistance, since insulin promotes fat cell differentiation, enhances adipocyte glucose uptake, and inhibits adipocyte lipolysis. Although the role of prolactin in reproduction is well known, the participation of this hormone in weight
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Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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and involution ( Macias & Hinck 2012 ). Mammary gland development requires hormones including prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2). PRL controls alveologenesis and lactogenesis of mammary gland through phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5 axis
Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010 Sydney, Australia
University of Waikato, Hamilton 2020, New Zealand
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& Rosenfield 2003 ), including the pituitary hormone prolactin. Prolactin receptors (PRLR) have been localised to hair follicles ( Craven et al. 2001 ) and expression of mRNAs encoding one long (PRLRL) and two short forms of the receptor (PRLRS2 and PRLRS3
National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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National Hormone and Peptide Program, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California 90509, USA
Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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Introduction Growth and differentiation of breast cancer is regulated by hormones, notably estrogen, progesterone and prolactin. In rodents, prolactin is a well-documented tumor promoter of the mammary gland, as revealed by a variety
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vehicle (Ethanol, 1 μM) were used as controls. After experimental treatments, medium was collected and stored at −70°C until rat prolactin radioimmunoassays (rPRL RIA) were performed. Rat prolactin radioimmunoassay (rPRL RIA) PRL levels were
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Introduction Prolactin is a protein hormone found in the pituitary gland of most vertebrates, which in mammals plays a central role in the regulation of mammary growth and lactation. In most mammals, prolactin is encoded by a single gene, but