Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O 2 •− ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and the hydroxyl radical (OH • ) plus the related peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) molecule are generally thought to cause cell dysfunction and
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P Newsholme, E Rebelato, F Abdulkader, M Krause, A Carpinelli and R Curi
Simon C Lee, Christine A Robson-Doucette and Michael B Wheeler
from the α-cell may serve to disrupt normal secretion patterns. In addition to its impact on hormone secretion, UCP2 has been functionally linked to the limitation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation ( Negre-Salvayre et al . 1997 , Arsenijevic
Wei Zhang, Xin-Hong Wang, Si-Feng Chen, Guo-Ping Zhang, Ning Lu, Ren-Ming Hu and Hui-Ming Jin
investigate the change of EPC proliferation under the effect of high glucose (HG) and its relationship with cell cycle, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This may help to further understand the mechanism of diabetic vascular
Alice S Green, Xiaochuan Chen, Antoni R Macko, Miranda J Anderson, Amy C Kelly, Nathaniel J Hart, Ronald M Lynch and Sean W Limesand
J Shirotani T Ichinose K Brownlee M 2003 Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species reduce insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 300 216 – 222 . doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02
Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh, Pierre Fustier, Chih-Chang Wei, Shao-Ling Zhang, Janos G Filep, Shiow-Shiu Tang, Julie R Ingelfinger, I George Fantus, Pavel Hamet and John S D Chan
of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of both the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and protein kinase C (PKC) signalling ( Hsieh et al. 2002 , 2003 ). These investigations established that the intrarenal expression of ANG gene and
Ji-Eun Kim, Seung Eun Song, Yong-Woon Kim, Jong-Yeon Kim, Sung-Chul Park, Yoon-Ki Park, Suk-Hwan Baek, In Kyu Lee and So-Young Park
binding buffer, the level of annexin V-FITC conjugation was detected using the FL1 setting of the FACSCalibur (BD Bioscience). Reactive oxygen species generation The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using flow cytometry and live
Mina Elahy, Swati Baindur-Hudson, Vinicius F Cruzat, Philip Newsholme and Crispin R Dass
tissues to optimally respond to insulin, hyperglycemic events are common and these, per se , promote the aberrant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an overwhelmed detoxification system in insulin-responsive cells, which leads to oxidative
CJ Newton, N Drummond, CH Burgoyne, V Speirs, GK Stalla and SL Atkin
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a fundamental role in both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Their importance is highlighted by studies showing that they mediate cell death in response to radiotherapy and to some forms of chemotherapy. Here we provide the first evidence for a role of ROS in response to an antiendocrine agent currently undergoing clinical trials. Using the oestrogen receptor (ER) containing rat pituitary GH3 cell line, we show that cell death is induced by the pure steroidal antioestrogen, ZM 182780, and that this is blocked by the antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). By flow cytometry, we show that, prior to the onset of DNA breakdown measured by ELISA, ZM 182780 exposure has no significant effect on intracellular oxidant concentrations. In contrast, ZM 182780 exposure greatly increases sensitivity to oxidants generated by blocking cellular antioxidant pathways and from exogenous administration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). As both necrosis and apoptosis are controlled by mitochondrial function, further experiments conducted to determine mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta|gWm) have indicated that the ZM 182780-induced loss of ER function increases the ease with which oxidants collapse mitochondrial activity and, as a consequence, cell death.
R Mastrocola, F Restivo, I Vercellinatto, O Danni, E Brignardello, M Aragno and G Boccuzzi
are the major site of ROS (reactive oxygen species) production ( Raha & Robinson 2000 , Duchen 2004 ). Reactive species are byproducts of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that are physiologically counteracted by the intracellular antioxidant
R Prasad, J C Kowalczyk, E Meimaridou, H L Storr and L A Metherell
Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are derived from O 2 and comprise molecules with varying oxidant properties. At low concentrations, ROS modulate many cellular processes through redox-dependent signalling, including proliferation
