concentrations and marked improvements of insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients, making TZDs commonly prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes ( Olefsky 2000 , Sharma & Staels 2007 , Nissen et al . 2008 ). Pioglitazone is a member of the TZD
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Bethany P Cummings, Ahmed Bettaieb, James L Graham, Kimber Stanhope, Fawaz G Haj, and Peter J Havel
F Sentinelli, E Filippi, M G Cavallo, S Romeo, M Fanelli, and M G Baroni
(TZDs), are a class of antidiabetic agents that act by improving insulin sensitivity ( Nolan et al. 1994 , Zierath et al. 1998 ). TZDs exert their antidiabetic actions by various mechanisms: enhancing insulin signaling, increasing glucose
Sian J S Simpson, Lorna I F Smith, Peter M Jones, and James E Bowe
respond to exogenous insulin administration and lowering of blood glucose; however, none of the CRHR antagonists had any detectable effects on insulin sensitivity ( Fig. 4C and D ). Chronic treatment of non-pregnant female mice with α-helical CRF 9
L A Santiago, D A Santiago, L C Faustino, A Cordeiro, P C Lisboa, F E Wondisford, C C Pazos-Moura, and T M Ortiga-Carvalho
serum levels of insulin ( Fig. 4 B, P <0.05). The HOMA-IR, calculated as the product between serum insulin and blood glucose, was 60% lower in mice carrying the mutation, suggesting that their insulin sensitivity was increased ( Fig. 4 C, P <0
Rebecca L Hull, Joshua R Willard, Matthias D Struck, Breanne M Barrow, Gurkirat S Brar, Sofianos Andrikopoulos, and Sakeneh Zraika
were determined using the Mouse Ultrasensitive Insulin ELISA (Alpco, Salem, NH, USA). Data and statistical analyses Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. for the number of mice or experiments indicated. Insulin sensitivity was expressed as the
Milos Lazic, Fraser Aird, Jon E Levine, and Andrea Dunaif
, n =17; T, n =14; D, n =19. Dynamic testing Following IPGTT, there were no differences in glucose or insulin responses among T, D, and C males ( Fig. 4 ). There were no differences in insulin sensitivity assessed by IPITT among T, D, and C males
Beatriz S Amorim, Cintia B Ueta, Beatriz C G Freitas, Renata J Nassif, Cecília Helena de Azevedo Gouveia, Marcelo A Christoffolete, Anselmo S Moriscot, Carmen Lucia Lancelloti, Flávia Llimona, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Heraldo Possolo de Souza, Sergio Catanozi, Marisa Passarelli, Marcelo S Aoki, Antonio C Bianco, and Miriam O Ribeiro
). Whereas the GC-24-treated animals still had significant fasting hyperglycemia (96.5 mg/dl), the maximum 30-min glucose peak was ∼30% reduced ( Fig. 2 A). Insulin sensitivity was increased at early time points after insulin administration in GC-24-treated
Sofianos Andrikopoulos, Barbara C Fam, Anita Holdsworth, Sherley Visinoni, Zheng Ruan, Maria Stathopoulos, Anne W Thorburn, Christos N Joannides, Michael Cancilla, Lois Balmer, Joseph Proietto, and Grant Morahan
tolbutamide stimulation. Taken together, these data suggest that Abcc8/Kcnj11 is partly responsible for the defect in early-phase glucose-mediated insulin secretion in the NZO mouse. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in NZO transgenic mice Since
Amy Warner and Jens Mittag
, therefore increasing insulin sensitivity. Recent studies have shown that by increasing the volume of BAT through cold exposure, glucose clearance also improves ( van der Lans et al . 2013 , Chondronikola et al . 2014 ). However, this requires constant
Victor A Gault, David W Porter, Nigel Irwin, and Peter R Flatt
.p. glucose tolerance (18 mmol/kg body weight) test and insulin sensitivity (10 U/kg body weight) test were similarly performed at 1000 h in freely fed mice. The i.p. route was chosen as the method of glucose delivery, as this will bypass the stomach and
