in the elderly ( Paz-Filho et al . 2008 , Cardoso et al . 2009 ). Thus, promoting overall insulin sensitivity in elderly subjects could contribute to a delay in the onset of some aging-related disorders, including eating disorders, inflammation
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Hassina Ould Hamouda, Bernadette Delplanque, Yacir Benomar, Delphine Crépin, Laure Riffault, Pascale LeRuyet, Cécile Bonhomme, and Mohammed Taouis
Kehinde Samuel Olaniyi and Lawrence Aderemi Olatunji
glucometer (ONETOUCH®-Life Scan). Insulin resistance was determined using the homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR = FBG (mmol/L) × fasting insulin (μU/L)/22.5) ( Hsing et al. 2003 ), while quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was used to
Amanda E Brandon, Ella Stuart, Simon J Leslie, Kyle L Hoehn, David E James, Edward W Kraegen, Nigel Turner, and Gregory J Cooney
whole-body and tissue insulin sensitivity. Figure 4 Hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp studies showing Acc2 −/− mice have similar insulin sensitivity to WT mice. (A) Blood glucose and (B) plasma insulin levels in the basal and insulin
Sergio Di Meo, Susanna Iossa, and Paola Venditti
peripheral target tissues including muscle, adipose tissue and liver to a physiological concentration of insulin, so that IR is characterized by reduced tissue insulin sensitivity and reduced glucose, lipid and protein metabolism. IR and functional
Nigel Turner, Gregory J Cooney, Edward W Kraegen, and Clinton R Bruce
interventions that change insulin action are associated with reciprocal changes in IMTG content. Studies that improved insulin sensitivity by low-calorie diets in patients with T2D were accompanied by a reduction in IMTG content ( Jazet et al . 2008 , Lara
Mark E Cleasby, Pauline M Jamieson, and Philip J Atherton
stimulation by supply of essential amino acids and insulin. Optimal insulin sensitivity favours glucose disposal and oxidation of lipids. (B) Muscle of aged adult with sarcopenic obesity. Obesity-associated increases in intramyocellular lipid deposition, among
Wang-Yang Xu, Yan Shen, Houbao Zhu, Junhui Gao, Chen Zhang, Lingyun Tang, Shun-Yuan Lu, Chun-Ling Shen, Hong-Xin Zhang, Ziwei Li, Peng Meng, Ying-Han Wan, Jian Fei, and Zhu-Gang Wang
feeding ( Fig. 5B ). GTT and ITT indicated that 2-AAA-treated mice showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity as evidenced by lower blood glucose levels compared with controls on HFD ( Fig. 5C and D ). Thus, we supposed that elevated
Yusuke Taguchi, Yoshie Tasaki, Kiyoshi Terakado, Kenichi Kobayashi, Takeo Machida, and Tetsuya Kobayashi
their lives. Insulin tolerance tests To study the degree of insulin sensitivity, insulin tolerance tests were performed in 3-month-old normal and grt mice using a fixed dose of insulin (1 mU/g body weight i.p). The fall in blood glucose levels was
James E Bowe, Zara J Franklin, Astrid C Hauge-Evans, Aileen J King, Shanta J Persaud, and Peter M Jones
hypothesis is that changes in glucose tolerance are due to altered insulin sensitivity an initial insulin tolerance test or use of surrogate measures of insulin resistance would be recommended, potentially followed by hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp
João Paulo G Camporez, Mohamed Asrih, Dongyan Zhang, Mario Kahn, Varman T Samuel, Michael J Jurczak, and François R Jornayvaz
improves insulin sensitivity ( Xu et al . 2009 , Camporez et al . 2013 ). Mice lacking Fgf21 (FGF21 knock-out (KO)) gain weight in an age-dependent manner, with an increase in both fat and lean mass, and develop glucose intolerance on regular chow when
