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; ankyrin-repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling box-containing protein 4 ( Asb4 ), Trp − experiment: Rn01501048_m1, hypothyroidism experiment: forward primer 5′-TCGTCTGTGCCAAGCAGTTG, reverse primer 5′-CCTGGTTGTTGGTTTTCATGTTC. Reactions were performed

reduced signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) activation, and involving increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS-3), an inhibitor of leptin signalling ( Munzberg et al. 2004 ). Our observation of increased

-Haschimi et al . 2000 ), impaired leptin signaling by suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3; Bjorbaek et al . 1998 , Dunn et al . 2005 ), impaired leptin receptor trafficking ( Bjornholm et al . 2007 , Morrison et al . 2007 ), saturation of leptin

in adipose tissue and hepatic tissue, IL6 is shown to be a pro-inflammatory adipokine. It increases insulin resistance by up-regulating suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3), which, in turn, impairs insulin-induced insulin receptor and IRS1

, a decrease in Akt activation through an increase in suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS3) was linked to an inefficient leptin signaling ( King et al . 2018 ). Figure 2 Scheme of potential neuroprotective effects of anorexigenic peptides

members of the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) family. Currently the SOCS family consists of eight members (SOCS1–7 and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing domain (CIS)); the role of SOCS4–7 in cytokine signalling has received limited attention. The

  EMR1 2015 207111_at −2.0 0.185 EGF-like module containing, mucin-like, hormone receptor-like 1   SOCS3 9021 227697_at −1.9 0.198 Suppressor of cytokine signalling 3   LRP12 29 967 220254_at −1.9 0.143 Low density lipoprotein-related protein 12   RGS17

Klingenspor M 2004 Photoperiodic regulation of leptin sensitivity in the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus , is reflected in arcuate nucleus SOCS-3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling) gene expression . Endocrinology 145 1185 – 1193 doi:10.1210/en

expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 in fat and placental tissue from women with gestational diabetes . Gynecological Endocrinology 28 841 – 844 . ( doi:10.3109/09513590.2012.683055 ) Kvarnhammar et al. 2013 Kvarnhammar AM Tengroth

the hypothalamus due to constitutive expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (hypothalamic resistance) ( Bjorbaek et al . 1998 ). Delivery of leptin directly into the hypothalamus by gene therapy normalizes body weight and extends lifespan in