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suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 in mononuclear cells after a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal: implications for insulin resistance . Diabetes Care 32 2281 – 2287 . ( doi:10.2337/dbib9-0979 ) Ghanim H Sia CL Upadhyay M Korzeniewski K

Klingenspor M 2004 Photoperiodic regulation of leptin sensitivity in the Siberian hamster, Phodopus sungorus , is reflected in arcuate nucleus SOCS-3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling) gene expression . Endocrinology 145 1185 – 1193 doi:10.1210/en

activates the expression of suppressors of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) that in turn inhibits leptin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 activation (indicated in red). The direct cross talk between insulin and leptin signalling at the level

gene expression by leptin induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 in pancreatic β-cells . Diabetes 54 3410 – 3417 . ( doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.12.3410 ) Leahy JL Hirsch IB Peterson KA Schneider D 2010 Targeting β-cell function

RL Coonan JR Bartlett PF 2002 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 regulates neuronal differentiation by inhibiting growth hormone signaling . Nature Neuroscience 5 1155 – 1162 . Westenbroek C Den Boer JA Veenhuis M Ter Horst GJ

neuropeptide Y ( Npy ) and agouti related peptide ( Agrp ) and in the appetite-suppressing melanocortin pathway ( Huang et al . 2003 a , b ) were the predominant contributors, whereas other authors showed changes only in the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3

contradiction with the accompanying ∼90% decline in CYP2C11 mRNA and protein. However, the episodic GH/JAK2/STAT5B signal transduction pathway is negatively regulated by tyrosine phosphatases ( Frank 2001 , Waxman & O'Connor 2006 ) and suppressors of cytokine

number of subsets ( n ) of individual animals. Different letters denote significant differences ( P ≤0.05). Representative western blots are shown. The liver content of the suppressor of cytokine signaling CIS also varies depending on GH plasma

osteogenetic process. There has been recent evidence indicating that the effects of TNF-α are primarily associated with activation of MAPK signaling, which subsequently increases the activation of stress-related proteins such as NF-κB and suppressor of cytokine

. FGF21-mediated suppression of STAT5 is accompanied by decreases in the expression of its target genes including IGF1 ( Inagaki et al . 2008 ). Furthermore, FGF21 induces hepatic expression of IGF1 binding protein 1 and suppressor of cytokine signaling