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Search for other papers by P. V. HOLMES in
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Post-coital unilateral ovariectomy in rabbits (Little, Haynes & Lamming, 1970), rats (Lamming & Little, 1968) and mice (Bruce, Renwick & Finn, 1968) impairs embryonic survival in the ipsilateral uterine horn. These findings suggest that each ovary controls conceptus survival in its adjacent uterine horn. The existence of such a mechanism has been disputed in the rat (Wu & Dickmann, 1971) and mouse (McLaren, 1970), and conflicts with the premises involved in induction of bilateral blastocyst implantation after ovariectomy using exogenous hormones. McLaren (1970) worked with the Q strain, and Bruce et al. (1968) demonstrated a variation of the local effect between the P and TO strains. Our aim was to uncover any local effect in a fourth strain of mice.
Swiss Webster albino mice were maintained and anaesthetized as described previously (Holmes & Dickson, 1971). Bilaterally ovariectomized, sham bilaterally ovariectomized, left unilaterally ovariectomized and right unilaterally ovariectomized groups were studied.
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Descriptive studies have led to the conclusion that the trophoblastic giant cell transformation of the blastocyst is a component part of the implantation process in the mouse (see Snell, 1956, for review). Since the transformation can be recognized in blastocysts flushed from the uterus in both the mouse (Dickson, 1963, 1966) and the rat (Psychoyos, 1961, fig. 5), it is possible to study the effects of ovarian hormones on the blastocyst. The transformation of the mouse blastocyst can be induced, as can its implantation, after ovariectomy on the 4th day of gestation by the s.c. administration of 2·5 mg. progesterone, whereas neither transformation nor implantation follows administration of the same dose on the 6th, 7th and 8th days (Dickson, unpublished observations). The addition of a suitable dose of oestrogen to the progesterone administered at this time might be expected to induce the transformation, for 1 μg. oestradiol will induce implantation
