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- Author: E. C. GRIFFITHS x
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ABSTRACT
The immunocytochemical detection of endogenous human GH and the binding of exogenously applied human GH in tumour tissue from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatic carcinoma is reported. Monoclonal human GH antibody binding was exclusively to the connective tissue in both benign and carcinomatous specimens. Specificity control experiments indicated that the antibody could be absorbed with human GH but not with human prolactin. Preincubating the sections with human GH considerably altered the immunocytochemical staining, reducing the reaction product within the connective tissue in a concentration-dependent manner and revealing a binding site for GH within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells.
J. Endocr. (1984) 103, 311–315
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SUMMARY
The TRH-degrading activity of rat serum in vitro is five times more potent than that of human serum. In rats, it is significantly reduced in hypothyroidism (thiouracil-induced) and significantly increased in hyperthyroidism (T3 or T4-induced). This suggests a possible role in the regulation of adenohypophysial-thyroid function which is probably, in turn, dependent on thyroid hormone, rather than TSH, levels.
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SUMMARY
A method is described for the resolution and individual quantitation of cortisol, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol and corticosterone in foetal sheep plasma. The steroids were extracted by solvent partition and separated by LH-20 Sephadex column chromatography. Radioimmunoassay was used for the measurement of 11-deoxycortisol and cortisone and competitive protein-binding for corticosterone and cortisol.
The relative levels of these steroids in the plasma of chronically catheterized sheep foetuses from 12 days before birth to term and then in the newborn lamb until 2 days of age are recorded.
Cortisol gradually increased from a basal concentration of between 0·5 and 3·0 μg/100 ml plasma between days 12 and 5 pre partum, and then rose rapidly to 10 μg/100 ml plasma during the last 5 days of pregnancy to reach a maximum during or just after birth. Two days post partum the levels had fallen to approximately 3 μg/100 ml plasma.
The mean value for 11-deoxycortisol between days 8 and 3 pre partum was 0·4 μg/100 ml plasma and increased in the final days before delivery to 1·0 μg/100 ml. Corticosterone initially showed slightly higher levels (∼ 1·5 μg/100 ml) in the earlier period of investigation but then fell during the immediate pre-partum period to 0·8 μg/100 ml. Cortisone was not detected at any stage of the investigations.
The relationship between levels of cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol in foetal plasma and myometrial contractility is shown. An increase in uterine activity was seen to occur at the time that cortisol levels were at their maximum. The 11-deoxycortisol values throughout this particular study remained low.
The results are discussed in relation to recorded levels in the adult and to previous studies in vitro with regard to changing steroid biosynthetic enzyme activity.
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SUMMARY
Prostatic tissue from young mature dogs was incubated in vitro with [4-14C]testosterone to assess androgen metabolism by this target organ. At the same time tissue from a dog previously treated with implants of oestradiol-17β and tissue from an older animal were also studied. Tissue from the oestrogen-treated dog showed considerable qualitative and quantitative differences from the normal in regard to metabolic activity. Fractionation of prostatic tissue after incubation with labelled testosterone indicated the localization of certain enzymes and products in the nucleus, and 5α-androstane-3α,17α-diol formation appeared particularly interesting. The relative activities of testicular tissue from the dogs in regard to the formation in vitro of androstenedione and testosterone from various radioactive precursors were measured.
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Changes in the rate of in-vitro degradation of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) in serum as related to age have been investigated in the rat and man. In rats, no inactivation was found up to the age of 15 days but thereafter an age-related increase in inactivation was detected with approximately 75% inactivation in 60 min at 40 days and reaching a maximum of 88–93% inactivation in adult male and female animals. The human serum samples studied (both male and female) showed a similar but less clear-cut pattern of inactivation of TRH compared with that found in the rat. A physiological role for these age-related changes in the degradation of TRH remains to be established but it has been concluded that the changes observed in both rat and man may be associated with growth and development, possibly by facilitating feedback control of thyrotrophin secretion through the degradation of TRH.
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SUMMARY
Forty-two members of a Lesbian organization volunteered to participate in a study designed to seek organic abnormalities. Urinary levels of oestrone, oestradiol, oestriol, pregnanediol, 17-oxosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, testosterone and epitestosterone were determined. No consistent pattern of hormonal abnormality emerged. Thirty-seven of the subjects completed the Eysenck Personality Inventory and 39 completed a questionnaire. The mean neuroticism score for the group was significantly higher and the mean extraversion score was significantly lower than in the normal population. This finding of dysthymia was reflected to some extent by the high incidence of past psychiatric treatment for anxiety and/or depression.
