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Oestradiol benzoate injected intramuscularly into ovariectomized guinea-pigs has been shown (Best & Pickles, 1963) to increase the sensitivity of the myometrium to vasopressin, but, surprisingly, to decrease the sensitivity to a complex smooth-muscle stimulant provisionally called 'component A', now identified as a mixture of prostaglandins (Eglinton, Raphael, Smith, Hall & Pickles, 1963). These effects of oestradiol were similar to those produced by raising the [Mg2+] of the suspension medium to 10 mm. The possibility is now being investigated that these effects may in part be mediated by an increase in the tissue [Mg], such as was found by Walaas (1950) in the rat uterus after oestrogen treatment. The myometrial [Mg] and [Ca] in different endocrine conditions have therefore been investigated.
Guinea-pigs.
In each of the five experiments summarized in Table 1, three young mature nulliparous guinea-pigs were ovariectomized. One guinea-pig received 15 μg. oestradiol benzoate by injection on