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SUMMARY
Synaptosomes isolated from the sheep and the rat hypothalamus contain corticotrophin releasing factor, vasopressin, prolactin-release inhibiting factor and probably all of the substances which participate in the regulation of adenohypophysial function. Electrical field stimulation or depolarizing concentrations (55 mmol/l) of potassium ions cause a release of these factors from the incubated nerve-endings in a calcium-dependent manner. It is suggested that synaptosomes may provide a valuable approach to the study of mechanisms involved in hypothalamic neurosecretion in vitro.
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ABSTRACT
A sensitive and specific double-antibody enzyme-linked immunoassay, using a synthetic analogue of human relaxin for standard and immunogen, was developed for the measurement of human relaxin (hRLX) in serum and plasma. No cross-reactivity was observed for human insulin, human insulin-like growth factor-I, hGH, human chorionic gonadotropin, hFSH, hLH or human prolactin. The assay was used to monitor RLX concentrations in samples from men, non-pregnant and pregnant women, and in pregnant rhesus monkeys infused with hRLX. RLX was not detected in serum from men nor from non-pregnant women, while a concentration of 600 ng/l was measured in pooled sera from two pregnant women (pregnancies achieved by in-vitro fertilization). Immunoreactive RLX (1·1 μg/g) was found in human corpora lutea taken from ectopic pregnancies at 7 weeks. In an experiment with a pregnant rhesus monkey infused with human RLX analogue, less than 1·5% of the maternal concentration was measured in the fetal circulation. Even though preliminary, these data suggest a low level of transfer of human analogue relaxin across the placenta in a rhesus monkey. Further studies of the physiology of RLX in human pregnancy will be facilitated by the availability of this immunoassay.
Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 120, 449–457
