ABSTRACT

Anterior pituitary glands were removed from neonatally androgenized (100 μg testosterone propionate) female rats and normal controls at 5, 10, 18, 21, 30, 60 and 90 days of age, and the multiple forms of FSH present within them were separated by chromatofocusing (pH range 7·5–4·0). Additional pituitary glands from intact adult males (90 days old) were also studied for comparative purposes. All animal groups exhibited multiple forms of immunoactive FSH within a pH range of 7·5–4·0, as well as an additional FSH form obtained after the addition of 1·0 mol NaCl/l to the chromatofocusing column (salt peak). In animals 5–30 days old (controls and androgenized) the majority of FSH applied to the chromatofocusing columns was recovered within the salt peak (45-85% of total FSH immunoactivity recovered). However, as the animals aged, more FSH immunoactivity focused within less acidic regions (isoelectric point (pI) 5·9–5·0); pituitaries from animals 60 days old contained the greatest proportion of FSH focused within this pH range (controls, 39·2±0·6%; androgenized, 23·1 ±0·9% of total immunoactivity recovered; P < 0·03 vs animals 30 days old for both experimental groups). This shift towards less acidic FSH was attenuated in androgenized animals compared with the controls (P<0·01).

In control adult rats, the chromatofocusing distribution pattern of pituitary FSH varied according to the day of the oestrous cycle. Pituitary extracts from control rats decapitated during the morning of pro-oestrus, oestrus and day 1 of dioestrus exhibited the highest proportion of immunoactive FSH (23·2–28·8% of total) focused within a pH range of 5·9–5·0, whilst only 10·4–11·6% of FSH from androgenized rats and those on day 1 of dioestrus was recovered within this pH range (P<0·05). In control animals decapitated during the morning of prooestrus and oestrus, 10–26% of FSH focused within the most alkaline region (pI 7·5–6·0); the chromatofocusing pattern of pituitary FSH from the neonatally androgenized animals was characteristic, in that no more than one peak (1·5±0·5% of total) was detected in this alkaline region. In the adult male rats, the majority of pituitary FSH eluted from the chromatofocusing columns within a pH of 4·9–4·0 (52·4±1·2% of total FSH immunoactivity) and the salt peak (pH <4·0) (33·1 ±2·4 of total). All FSH isoforms obtained after chromatofocusing represented α and β dimers as disclosed by size exclusion chromatography.

The results strongly suggest that a cyclic or 'female' pattern of hypothalamic and gonadal secretion leads the anterior pituitary towards the production of less acidic FSH isoforms, whereas a tonic or 'androgenic' type of secretion, as that present in adult males and females with the androgen-induced anovulatory syndrome, leads more to the production of strongly acidic FSH isoforms. The finding of qualitative and quantitative differences among normally cycling and androgenized animals gives further support for the concept of the existence of a sexual dichotomy in terms of the type of FSH synthesized by the anterior pituitary gland.

Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 126, 323–332