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increasing the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids (BAs) ( Worthmann et al. 2017 ). Of interest, the liver is the main metabolic organ that controls whole-body TG, cholesterol and BA metabolism. With respect to TG homeostasis, the liver is able to
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Introduction In the healthy liver, hepatocyte growth hormone receptor (GHR)-signaling activates multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways to modulate hepatic function ( Dehkhoda et al. 2018 ). It is well accepted that GH signals
UofL Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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exposures to persistent and volatile organic pollutants on liver and cardio-metabolic diseases. Dr Wahlang was formerly a University of Kentucky and University of Louisville Superfund Research Center trainee and an NRSA postdoctoral fellow. Dr Wahlang
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Junior Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
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Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease ( Cotter & Rinella 2020 ). Various stages are grouped under the term NAFLD ( Fig. 1 ): the initial stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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, the peripheral handling of THs is also markedly altered during fasting ( Vagenakis et al . 1977 , Harris et al . 1978 ). In the liver, an important site for TH metabolism, type 1 deiodinase (D1) and type 3 deiodinase (D3) are expressed. Type 1
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2008 ). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic component of metabolic syndrome, which is highly associated with obesity and insulin resistance ( Postic & Girard 2008 ). A representative phenomenon of NAFLD is hepatic
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Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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emphasis on reticulated platelets and the role of the liver in regulating megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Cardiovascular risk factor contribution to myelopoiesis As stated earlier, monocyte levels are associated with CAD. However, different
East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Human Performance Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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considered to be primarily from limited energy intake. Benefits include enhanced insulin action in skeletal muscle ( Friedman et al. 1992 ), decreased fat content in adipose tissue ( Dadson et al. 2016 ) and suppressed fat accumulation in the liver
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metabolism. As such, extensive research has been performed on them to develop pharmacological therapies to treat diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The activation of these receptors with exogenous ligands, however, may evoke side
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Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem considered to be the most common chronic liver disorder in the Western countries. NAFLD is estimated to affect at least 30% of the general population ( Ratziu et al