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Hong-Hui Wang College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Qian Cui Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Teng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Lei Guo State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Ming-Zhe Dong College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Yi Hou State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Zhen-Bo Wang State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Wei Shen Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Jun-Yu Ma Laboratory for Germ Cell Metabolism, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Qing-Yuan Sun College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

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Introduction The normal folliculogenesis is a basis of high-quality oocyte formation. Follicle development starts during neonatal life when primordial follicles are formed in rodents. After that, these primordial follicles develop, in turn, to

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Yuan Ni Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China

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Dan Xu Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China

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Feng Lv Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

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Yang Wan Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

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Guanlan Fan Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

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Wen Zou Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China

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Yunxi Chen Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China

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Linguo Pei Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

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Jing Yang Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China

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Hui Wang Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China

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, characterized by abnormal folliculogenesis, reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Figure 2 Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) on body size, body weight and ovarian morphology in female foetal rats. (A and B) Foetal bodyweight and

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Michael W Pankhurst Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Rebecca L Kelley School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

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Rachel L Sanders Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Savana R Woodcock Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Dorothy E Oorschot Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Nicola J Batchelor Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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from dormancy during activation, which is the initial stage of folliculogenesis. The rate of activation determines the size of the developing follicle pool and the lifetime of the ovarian reserve of primordial follicles ( Faddy et al . 1992 , Depmann

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Juliana I Candelaria Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA

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Maria B Rabaglino Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

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Anna C Denicol Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA

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), suggesting that gonadotropins are not required for preantral follicular development ( Dufour et al. 1979 , Kumar et al. 1997 , Balla et al. 2003 , Pakarainen et al. 2005 ). Although folliculogenesis arrest occurs at the late preantral/early antral

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Karine Reynaud
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Sylvie Chastant-Maillard
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Séverine Batard
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Sandra Thoumire
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Philippe Monget UMR 1198 INRA/ENVA Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Alfort Veterinary School, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France

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Introduction The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been shown to play a key role in ovarian folliculogenesis ( Mazerbourg et al . 2003 ). IGF1 stimulates granulosa cell proliferation and enhances the biological effects of FSH and LH on

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Mehmet Uzumcu Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA

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Peter E Kuhn Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA

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Jason E Marano Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA

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AnnMarie E Armenti Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA

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Lisa Passantino Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 84 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA

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Introduction The primary functions of the mammalian ovary are steroidogenesis and ovulation, processes that are intricately connected to folliculogenesis. Primordial follicles are formed from oocyte nests after synchronous oocyte

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Tatiane da Silva Faria Urogenital Research Unit-UERJ, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenue 28 de Setembro, 87, Fundos, FCM, Terreo, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Flávia de Bittencourt Brasil Urogenital Research Unit-UERJ, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenue 28 de Setembro, 87, Fundos, FCM, Terreo, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Francisco J B Sampaio Urogenital Research Unit-UERJ, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenue 28 de Setembro, 87, Fundos, FCM, Terreo, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Cristiane da Fonte Ramos Urogenital Research Unit-UERJ, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenue 28 de Setembro, 87, Fundos, FCM, Terreo, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

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Introduction In mammals, the ability of the ovary to produce dominant follicles that ovulate their oocytes at mid-cycle is the basis of female fertility. In the adult ovary, folliculogenesis starts when follicles leave the pool of resting follicles

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Jinwon Eo
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Kyuyong Han
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Kenneth M Murphy Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Infertility, RCTC, IBST, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Kwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Infertility, RCTC, IBST, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Kwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea

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Haengseok Song Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Infertility, RCTC, IBST, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Kwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea

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Hyunjung Jade Lim
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Introduction Follicles are the major functional units of the ovary. During folliculogenesis, oocyte growth and maturation are coordinated with proliferation and differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Once follicular growth is initiated, the

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Ann E Drummond Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

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Peter J Fuller Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

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attenuated response to FSH ( Couse et al . 2005 ). It is apparent from the ERα knockout (ERKO) and βERKO ovarian phenotypes that ERα and ERβ have different roles to play in folliculogenesis. It has been hypothesised that the proliferative action of oestrogen

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S Peña Center for Neurobiochemical studies in Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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M Rubio Center for Neurobiochemical studies in Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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C Vargas Center for Neurobiochemical studies in Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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C Alanis Center for Neurobiochemical studies in Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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AH Paredes Center for Neurobiochemical studies in Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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, suggesting an activation of the canonical signalling cascade associated with LIF, which could be closely related to an effect at the level of folliculogenesis. As proposed in Fig. 7 , at this level, an effect on initial recruitment is inferred, decreasing

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