development of metabolic disease ( Trujillo & Scherer 2006 ). Figure 1 Adipocytokines and metabolic inflammation in adipose tissue. Adipocytokines derived from adipose tissue are the results of intertwined interaction between adipocytes and immune cells that
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Rachel Botchlett, Shih-Lung Woo, Mengyang Liu, Ya Pei, Xin Guo, Honggui Li, and Chaodong Wu
Introduction With the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, there is a drastic rise in the incidence of metabolic diseases. Metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)/insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease are only a few
H Y Li, Y X Liu, L Harvey, S Shafaeizadeh, E M van der Beek, and W Han
, minimizing environmental stressors to fetus/offspring. Our data suggest that such temporal and mild maternal GDM exposure increases vulnerability for metabolic disease in the offspring. Our protocol allows scalable generation of a large cohort of GDM dams and
Kook Hwan Kim and Myung-Shik Lee
that are currently available or are being developed for the treatment of metabolic diseases have a potential to induce FGF21. Here, we will review the functional role and molecular mechanisms of FGF21 induction by anti-diabetic drugs. Metformin and FGF
Prashant Regmi, Rajesh Chaudhary, Amanda J Page, Amy T Hutchison, Andrew D Vincent, Bo Liu, and Leonie Heilbronn
.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.064 ) Hatori M Vollmers C Zarrinpar A DiTacchio L Bushong EA Gill S Leblanc M Chaix A Joens M Fitzpatrick JA et al . 2012 Time-restricted feeding without reducing caloric intake prevents metabolic diseases in
Marion Régnier, Matthias Van Hul, Claude Knauf, and Patrice D Cani
Overweight and obesity are associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, low-grade inflammation and liver diseases. The gut microbiota is a potential contributing factor regulating energy balance. However, although the scientific community acknowledges that the gut microbiota composition and its activity (e.g., production of metabolites and immune-related compounds) are different between healthy subjects and subjects with overweight/obesity, the causality remains insufficiently demonstrated. The development of low-grade inflammation and related metabolic disorders has been connected with metabolic endotoxaemia and increased gut permeability. However, the mechanisms acting on the regulation of the gut barrier and eventually cardiometabolic disorders are not fully elucidated. In this review, we debate several characteristics of the gut microbiota, gut barrier function and metabolic outcomes. We examine the role of specific dietary compounds or nutrients (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics, polyphenols, sweeteners, and a fructose-rich diet) as well as different metabolites produced by the microbiota in host metabolism, and we discuss how they control several endocrine functions and eventually have either beneficial or deleterious effects on host health.
L E Nicol, W F Grant, S M Comstock, M L Nguyen, M S Smith, K L Grove, and D L Marks
has left practitioners with a multitude of questions of when to medically intervene in the hope of preventing future cardiovascular complications. Whether an overweight or obese child goes on to develop clear clinical metabolic disease as detected by
Wonsuk Choi, Joon Ho Moon, and Hail Kim
which dysfunctional peripheral 5-HT signaling can progress to metabolic diseases, and how peripheral 5-HT signaling could be a therapeutic target in patients with metabolic diseases. Metabolic roles of 5-HT in pancreatic β-cells Maintenance of
Christopher M Mulligan and Jacob E Friedman
early pioneering bacteria in the newborn and may be a prime candidate for intergenerational transmission of metabolic disease risk given the considerable influence these microbes have on gut function and immune system development. The newborn gut begins
Che-Pei Kung and Maureen E Murphy
relationship between p53, metabolism and metabolic diseases has become a new focal point for p53 researchers ( Sano et al . 2007 , Vousden & Ryan 2009 , Berkers et al . 2013 ). This review will cover the role of p53 in metabolism, with focus on its role in
