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S J Brandt Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

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M Kleinert Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

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M H Tschöp Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany

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T D Müller Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

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). For example, following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, gastric banding or sleeve gastronomy, there is an increase in the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) ( Laferrere 2016 , Meek et al. 2016 , Clemmensen et al. 2017 ), which is known not

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-18-0264
Volume/Issue:
Volume 238: Issue 2
Open access
Nava Chapnik Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

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Yoni Genzer Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

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Avraham Ben-Shimon Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

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Masha Y Niv Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

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Oren Froy Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

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peptidomimetic compounds ( Arora & Ansari 2009 , Rubinstein & Niv 2009 ). We have recently designed novel and highly specific kinase-inhibiting peptides ( Niv et al . 2004 , Wexler et al . 2005 , Mack et al . 2008 , Rubinstein & Niv 2009 ) for the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-13-0625
Volume/Issue:
Volume 221: Issue 1
Free access
Rachel K Meyer School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

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Frank A Duca School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

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organ, maintaining energy and glucose homeostasis both directly and indirectly via gut peptides produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) and endocrine metabolites produced or altered by the gut microbiota ( Ahlman & Nilsson 2001 ). EECs are dispersed

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Rising Stars special collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-23-0019
Volume/Issue:
Volume 258: Issue 2
Free access
Xianxian Huang Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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Jing Liu Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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Guangquan Peng Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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Mingyue Lu Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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Zhongbo Zhou School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China

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Neng Jiang Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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Zhiming Yan Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China

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, glucagon-like peptide 1; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; GLP-1R, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor; GIPR, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor; GLP-1RA, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-23-0404
Volume/Issue:
Volume 262: Issue 3
Restricted access
Bernard Khoo Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK

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Tricia Mei-Mei Tan Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK

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gut hormone path-finder Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is the most extensively studied gut hormone with translational and clinical evidence for its efficacy ( Holst 2007 ). It is an alternatively processed product of the proglucagon peptide

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 246: Issue 3
Free access
Hans-Peter Holthoff Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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Kerstin Uhland Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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Gabor Laszlo Kovacs 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Flor Ferenc Hospital, Kistarcsa, Hungary

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Andreas Reimann Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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Kristin Adler Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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Clara Wenhart Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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Martin Ungerer Procorde – advancecor, Martinsried, Germany

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this study, we only chose TSHR-Fc for in vivo experiments, since their purification is easiest, and epicutaneous antigen administration presumably favors presentation of processed peptides by Langerhans cells to T cells, and the amino acid sequence of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0061
Volume/Issue:
Volume 246: Issue 2
Restricted access
David A Bechtold Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 1.124 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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Simon M Luckman Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 1.124 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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Introduction The first recognised member of the RFamide neuropeptide family was the cardioexcitatory peptide, FMRFamide, isolated from ganglia of the clam Macrocallista nimbosa ( Price & Greenberg 1977 ). Since then a large number

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-06-0069
Volume/Issue:
Volume 192: Issue 1
Free access
Shunbun Kita Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Hitoshi Nishizawa Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Yosuke Okuno Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Masaki Tanaka Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Atsutaka Yasui Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Morihiro Matsuda Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Yukio Yamada Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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Iichiro Shimomura Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
Pharmaceutical Research Division, Department of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan

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( Nishizawa et al . 2004 , Yasui et al . 2007 ). The musclin protein contains a region homologous to members of the natriuretic peptide (NP) family, as well as a KKKR putative serine protease cleavage site, also characteristic of NP proteins ( Nishizawa et

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-08-0551
Volume/Issue:
Volume 201: Issue 2
Free access
Maria Esteban-Lopez Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

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Alexander I Agoulnik Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

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Introduction RXFP2 (previously known as GREAT or LGR8) is a GPCR from the relaxin family peptide receptors, which also contains three other members: RXFP1, RXFP3, and RXFP4 ( Halls et al. 2007 b ). Relaxin is the cognate ligand for RXFP1 and

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0168
Volume/Issue:
Volume 247: Issue 1
Free access
Angela S Bang Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine,
Department of Endocrinology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand

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Steven G Soule Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine,
Department of Endocrinology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand

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Tim G Yandle Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine,
Department of Endocrinology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand

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A Mark Richards Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine,
Department of Endocrinology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand

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Chris J Pemberton Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine,
Department of Endocrinology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand

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, Shiiya et al. 2002 ), suggesting that the n-octanoic acid moiety is rapidly degraded upon secretion from stomach cells. In the rat ( Hosoda et al. 2000 ), immunoreactive (IR) ghrelin(1–28) peptides are most abundant in the stomach, followed by the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-06-0021
Volume/Issue:
Volume 192: Issue 2
Free access