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Monisha Rajasekaran Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Ok-Joo Sul Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Eun-Kyung Choi Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Ji-Eun Kim Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Jae-Hee Suh Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea

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Hye-Seon Choi Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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act in an adipocyte-autonomous way, whereas others are mediated by macrophage polarization. Macrophages can obtain distinct functional phenotypes, M1 and M2, via different polarization responses to environmental stimuli. M1 phenotypes are stimulated

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Qiong Lv Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Rufei Gao Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Laboratory of Lipids and Glucose Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Chuan Peng School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Juan Yi Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Lulu Liu Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Shumin Yang Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Danting Li Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Jinbo Hu Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Ting Luo Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Mei Mei Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Ying Song Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Chaodong Wu Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Xiaoqiu Xiao School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Qifu Li Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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-inflammatory or alternatively activating M2 program of KCs decreases hepatocyte fatty acid oxidation ( Odegaard et al . 2008 ). These studies suggested that M1 KCs polarization play an important role in hepatic lipid metabolism. However, it is enigmatic whether M

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Milos Mraz Third Department of Medicine – Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, General University Hospital, First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague, U nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic

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Martin Haluzik Third Department of Medicine – Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, General University Hospital, First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague, U nemocnice 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic

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proinflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IFNγ, and bacterial lipopolysaccharides resulting in a potent proinflammatory and antibacterial cell type. M2 polarization occurs under the influence of antiinflammatory

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Xiaofeng Ding Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Development Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Yan Luo Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Xing Zhang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

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Handong Zheng Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

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Xin Yang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

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Xuexian Yang Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

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Meilian Liu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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activation state of adipose tissue macrophages from an M2-polarized state to an M1 proinflammatory state that contributes to insulin resistance ( Lumeng et al . 2007 ), our data suggest that the effect of HFD feeding on differentiation and polarization of

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A D Dobrian Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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M A Hatcher Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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J J Brotman Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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E V Galkina Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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P Taghavie-Moghadam Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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H Pei Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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B A Haynes Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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J L Nadler Departments of Physiological Sciences, Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Internal Medicine, Division of Inflammation Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700W Olney Road, Norfolk, Virginia 23505, USA

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, the adherent cells were treated with either a combination of IFNg (150 U/ml) and LPS (100 ng/ml) or with IL4 (20 U/ml) and IL13 (15 U/ml) for additional 24 h to induce polarization towards ‘classically’ (M1) or ‘alternatively’ (M2) activated macrophage

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Junlan Zhou
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Min Cheng Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Chan Boriboun
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Mariam M Ardehali
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Changfei Jiang Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Qinghua Liu Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Shuling Han
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David A Goukassian Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Yao-Liang Tang Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Ting C Zhao Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Ming Zhao
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Lu Cai Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Stéphane Richard Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Raj Kishore Department of Medicine–Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, GeneSys Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kosair Children Hospital Research Institute, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Center for Translational Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Tarry 14‐721, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

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Gangjian Qin
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G De Baetselier P 2009 Tolerance and M2 (alternative) macrophage polarization are related processes orchestrated by p50 nuclear factor κB . PNAS 106 14978 – 14983 . ( doi:10.1073/pnas.0809784106 ) Qiu Y Nguyen Khoa D Odegaard

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Sun-O Ka Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea

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Mi-Young Song Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea

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Eun Ju Bae Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea

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Byung-Hyun Park Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea

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macrophages of mS1KO mice compared with those of WT mice, whereas M2 marker genes were similarly expressed in M2 macrophages from both genotypes ( Fig. 5 b). Figure 5 Regulation of macrophage polarization by SIRT1. (a) BMMs were treated with either 10 ng

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Ya Pei Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Honggui Li Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Yuli Cai Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China

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Jing Zhou Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Xianjun Luo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Linqiang Ma Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Kelly McDaniel Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA

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Tianshu Zeng Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China

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Yanming Chen Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

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Xiaoxian Qian Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

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Yuqing Huo Vascular Biology Center, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
Drug Discovery Center, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China

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Shannon Glaser Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA

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Fanyin Meng Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA

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Gianfranco Alpini Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA

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Lulu Chen Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China

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Chaodong Wu Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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positive for CD11c but negative for CD206 were considered as proinflammatory (M1) macrophages (F4/80 + CD11b + CD11c + CD206 − cells), whereas CD11c − CD206 + mature macrophages were considered as alternatively activated (M2) macrophages (F4/80 + CD

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Anna Cinkajzlová Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

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Miloš Mráz Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

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Martin Haluzík Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

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M2 and Th2 polarization or conversely M1 response in the presence of IFNγ, mediates macrophage–adipocyte crosstalk, increases lipolysis, suppresses adiponectin secretion, increases glycemia by suppressing glucose uptake by adipocytes, decreases

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Anna Z Szóstek Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland

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António M Galvão Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland
Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland

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Graça M Ferreira-Dias Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland

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Dariusz J Skarzynski Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland

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shown). The epithelial and stromal cells were incubated with either vehicle or with P 4 (10 −7 M), E 2 (10 −9 M), or P 4 +E 2 (10 −7 M/10 −9 M) added to the culture medium for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h (95, 90, 80, or 70% confluence respectively

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