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Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Department of Adipose Management, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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syndrome and also in obese individuals ( Hirata et al . 2009 , 2012 ; Urbanet et al . 2015 ). Treatment with eplerenone, a specific MR blocker, partially reverses the obesity-associated dysfunction of adipocytes and insulin resistance in mice ( Guo et
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Introduction White fat adipocytes (WFA) are the major energy depot of the body, storing and releasing energy in response to the calorific demands of the body during periods of excess and need respectively ( Arner et al. 2011 ). It is widely
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Physiology, Unit of Translational Endocrine Physiology and Pharmacology, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP05503‐900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
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(ANG) IV receptor ( Albiston et al . 2010 ), has an important interaction with subcellular distribution of GLUT4 in adipocytes ( Jordens et al . 2010 ). IRAP is well-recognized as a companion of glucose transporter GLUT4 and a key regulator of the
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Introduction Casitas b-lymphoma (Cbl) is a proximal insulin receptor adaptor protein identified as necessary for insulin-mediated activation of glucose transport in adipocytes ( Baumann et al . 2000 , Chiang et al . 2001 , Chang et al
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( Schaffler et al . 2005 , 2006 , 2007 ). Obesity is associated with a significant pro-inflammatory transformation of the complex cellular environment of adipose tissue (encompassing adipocytes, pre-adipocytes, fibroblasts, monocytes, macrophages
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Park-Klinik Weissensee, Internal Medicine – Gastroenterology, Berlin, Germany
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glucose and lipid metabolism. Orexin in adipose tissue Expression of orexin and orexin receptors in white adipose tissue Despite some inconsistencies, it appears that both OXR isoforms are present in adipocytes. While OXR1 and OXR2 were
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. Recently, evidence has been accumulated that intracellular glucocorticoid amplification in adipocytes by 11β-HSD1 contributes to central obesity and, consequently, promotes metabolic diseases in experimental animals ( Masuzaki et al . 2001 ) and humans
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glucose uptake into cells, and assayed Akt1/2 activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes expressing myc-tagged GLUT4 (3T3-L1-GLUT4myc adipocytes) and under cell-free conditions. We show here that insulin stimulates GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface and increases
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resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease ( Bornfeldt & Tabas 2011 ). In the body, white adipose tissue (WAT) is a major lipid depot that contains unilocular white adipocytes for storing vast amounts of nutrients as lipids. Brown adipose tissue
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). However, the role of SIRT6 in adipose tissue is not well understood. Conditional gene knockout with the use of cell type-specific Cre lines is a powerful technique to ablate a specific gene in a target cell type, such as the adipocyte ( Wang 2009 ). As a