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Chun Zeng Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Xin Yi Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Danny Zipris Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Hongli Liu Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Lin Zhang Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Qiaoyun Zheng Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Krishnamurthy Malathi Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Ge Jin Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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Aimin Zhou Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA
Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA
Clinical Chemistry Program, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Department of Cancer Biology, Barbara Davis Center of Childhood Diabetes, Central Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, SI 424, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, USA

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& Sarvetnick 2004 , Anderson & Bluestone 2005 , Coppieters & von Herrath 2011 , Coppieters et al . 2012 ). The expression of proinflammatory genes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes ( Bergholdt et al . 2004 ). In NOD mice, increased

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Cristina Aresté
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M Jesús Melià
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Joan Isern
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José Luis Tovar
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Anna Meseguer
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growth, homeostasis, differentiation and development. The molecular nature of tissue-specific gene regulation by androgens has not been well defined, partly as a result of the variable expression and incomplete regulation of currently available gene

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N Berteaux
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S Lottin
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E Adriaenssens
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F Van Coppenolle
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X Leroy
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J Coll
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T Dugimont
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J-J Curgy
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). Later, our group performed in vivo and in vitro experiments that demonstrated that the H19 gene expression was regulated by steroid hormones in both mammary gland and uterus with an up- and down-regulation attributed respectively to 17-β

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Petra Popovics Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, Pecs 7624, Hungary
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, Pecs 7624, Hungary

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Zoltan Rekasi Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, Pecs 7624, Hungary

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Alan J Stewart Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, Pecs 7624, Hungary

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Magdolna Kovacs Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, Pecs 7624, Hungary

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vehicle- and hormone-treated cells (*** P <0.001; ** P <0.01; and * P <0.05). The effect of LH and FSH on inhibin/activin subunits and follistatin gene expression To investigate whether the gonadotropins LH and FSH have a role in the regulation of the

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Patricia D Maningat Department of Pediatrics - Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center # 7062, 1100 Bates, Houston, Texas 77030, USA

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Partha Sen Department of Pediatrics - Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center # 7062, 1100 Bates, Houston, Texas 77030, USA

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Agneta L Sunehag Department of Pediatrics - Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center # 7062, 1100 Bates, Houston, Texas 77030, USA

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Darryl L Hadsell Department of Pediatrics - Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center # 7062, 1100 Bates, Houston, Texas 77030, USA

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Morey W Haymond Department of Pediatrics - Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center # 7062, 1100 Bates, Houston, Texas 77030, USA

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Introduction The establishment and maintenance of lactation require the concerted regulation by hormones, genes, and local factors. However, little is known about the molecular regulation of milk production in humans due to limitations in obtaining

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C Giuliani Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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M Saji Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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I Bucci Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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G Fiore Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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M Liberatore Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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D S Singer Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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F Monaco Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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L D Kohn Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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G Napolitano Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University ‘G D’Annunzio’ and Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Campus Universitario, via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
Arthur G Janes Cancer Center and Richard J Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Unit of Immuno-oncology Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., ‘Gabriele D’Annunzio’ University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Edison Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA

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regulation and identified the transcription factors and the cis -elements on the 5′-flanking regions of the class I gene involved ( Saji et al. 1992 a , 1992 b , 1997 , Giuliani et al. 1995 , Taniguchi et al. 1998 , Giuliani et al. 2000

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Seiji Tsutsumi
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Xi Zhang
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Keiko Takata
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Kazuhiro Takahashi
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Richard H Karas Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan

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Hirohisa Kurachi
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Michael E Mendelsohn Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan

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specific DNA target sequences ( Kannel et al . 1976 , Marcus et al . 1994 , Gardin et al . 1995 , Mendelsohn & Karas 1999 ). Regulation of specific genes in VSMC by estrogen is still not well understood. Recent studies have suggested that nitric oxide

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Jean-Charles Gabillard Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, INRA – SCRIBE, IFR 140, Campus Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Kurdestan, 416 Sanandaj, Iran
Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, E-08071 Barcelona, Spain

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Barzan Bahrami Kamangar Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, INRA – SCRIBE, IFR 140, Campus Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Kurdestan, 416 Sanandaj, Iran
Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, E-08071 Barcelona, Spain

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Nuria Montserrat Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, INRA – SCRIBE, IFR 140, Campus Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Kurdestan, 416 Sanandaj, Iran
Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, E-08071 Barcelona, Spain

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approach allows us to identify the coordinated regulation between the GH/IGF system genes, which leads to a progressive restoration of this endocrine system. In order to produce a strong disruption of the GH/IGF system, we starved rainbow trout for

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J. R. E. Davis
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Production of prolactin is very tissue-specific – the gene is present in all cells, but in the rat it is expressed only in the anterior pituitary gland, while in man it is also expressed at low levels in the decidualized endometrium. Much of the work on rat prolactin gene expression has been greatly facilitated by the availability of the rat pituitary tumour-derived GH cell line (including the GH1, GH3 and GH4 cell subclones) which produces both prolactin and growth hormone. In contrast, much less is so far known about the regulation of the human prolactin gene, due in part to the lack of readily available human pituitary tissue for in-vitro studies.

An increasing amount is known about hormonal and intracellular regulation of prolactin mRNA production, which has been reviewed elsewhere (Davis, Belayew & Sheppard, 1989). However, some of the most impressive and important recent advances have been

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Regina Nostramo
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Andrej Tillinger
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Juan M Saavedra Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA

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Ashok Kumar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA

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Varunkumar Pandey Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA

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Lidia Serova
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Richard Kvetnansky Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA

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Esther L Sabban
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for 8 h led to a dose-dependent decrease in Th ( F =4.01; P <0.05) and Dbh ( F =14.28; P <0.001) mRNA levels ( Fig. 3 B). Figure 3 AT 1 and AT 2 receptor-mediated regulation of Th and Dbh gene expression in PC12 cells. (A) PC12 cells were

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