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Joëlle Dupont PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Sophie Tesseraud PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Michel Derouet PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Anne Collin PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Nicole Rideau PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Sabine Crochet PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Estelle Godet PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Estelle Cailleau-Audouin PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Sonia Métayer-Coustard PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Michel J Duclos PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Christian Gespach PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Tom E Porter PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Larry A Cogburn PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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Jean Simon PRC (UMR 6175), Station de Recherches Avicoles (UR 83), INSERM, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, INRA, 37380 Nouzilly, France

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, genetically fat or lean chickens, or exogenous insulin challenge ( Dupont et al . 1998 a , b , c , 1999 , 2004 )). In contrast, these signaling steps (with the exception of Shc) were not altered in leg muscles by the various experimental conditions. This

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Tsun-Jui Liu Department of Medicine, Biological Chemistry, Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Diabetes Research and Treatment, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Hui-Chin Lai Department of Medicine, Biological Chemistry, Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Diabetes Research and Treatment, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Chih-Tai Ting Department of Medicine, Biological Chemistry, Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Diabetes Research and Treatment, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Ping H Wang Department of Medicine, Biological Chemistry, Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Diabetes Research and Treatment, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
Taichung Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Introduction Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin are part of the complex regulatory mechanisms that help to maintain normal myocardial function ( Abel 2004 , Saetrum & Wang 2005 ). Signaling pathways of IGF-I receptor

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M Schütt
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J Zhou
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M Meier
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H H Klein
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insulin signaling at the level of insulin-receptor substrate (IRS)-1 phosphorylation ( Schütt et al. 2000 , Cammalleri & Germinario 2003 ), association of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase; Schütt et al. 2000 ) and/or Thr

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Medha Sharma Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India

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Yamini Yadav Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India

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Chinmoy Sankar Dey Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India

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Introduction Insulin signaling is the principal pathway that regulates glucose homeostasis of the body. Insulin binds to insulin receptor (IR) and initiates a complex signaling cascade, leading to glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4

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María Florencia Heber Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Silvana Rocío Ferreira Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Giselle Adriana Abruzzese Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Raíces Trinidad Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Omar P Pignataro Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Margarita Vega Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Biología Reproductiva, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Independencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile

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Alicia B Motta Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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metabolic action ( Rincon et al. 1996 , Diamanti-Kandarakis & Dunaif 2012 ). It has been proposed that insulin resistance is caused by a post-binding defect in the insulin signaling pathway and/or related to mutations in the insulin receptor ( IR ) gene

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Hong Ma Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Jin Yuan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Jinyu Ma Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Jie Ding Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Weiwei Lin Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Xinlei Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Mingliang Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai, Jiangsu Province, China

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Yi Sun Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Runze Wu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Chun Liu Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Cheng Sun Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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Yunjuan Gu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China

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(IR) ( Dulloo & Montani 2012 ). IR is a hallmark of T2D, in which insulin at normal physiological concentrations fails to effectively activate its downstream signal transduction in the skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue ( Hartstra et al. 2015

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Cathy A Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Shaodong Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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cardiomyopathy. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of insulin in governing cardiac energetics, and update on how insulin resistance promotes cellular dysfunction at the molecular level with interacting signaling cascade involving in IRS-1, -2 and Foxo1

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Sojin Lee Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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H Henry Dong Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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attenuated insulin-like signaling or increased oxidative stress, promotes anti-oxidative function, contributing to the lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans ( Lee et al. 2003 ). Likewise, the FoxO1 ortholog dFoxO signaling through insulin

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Jie Xu Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA

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Shaonin Ji Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA

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Derwei Y Venable Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA

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John L Franklin Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA

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Joseph L Messina Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA

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investigated the effects of prolonged insulin on GH signaling via the other two STATs (STAT3 and STAT1) in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells. We found that prolonged insulin pretreatment inhibited not only GH-induced tyrosine phosphorylation (PY) of STAT3 and STAT1 but

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Adam Gesing Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Human Genetics, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge Street, Room 4389, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Human Genetics, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge Street, Room 4389, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA

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Andrzej Bartke Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Human Genetics, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge Street, Room 4389, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA

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Michal M Masternak Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Human Genetics, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge Street, Room 4389, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Human Genetics, Geriatrics Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge Street, Room 4389, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA

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cardiovascular events ( Lincoff et al . 2007 ). The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of PIO on the insulin-signaling pathway (hepatic levels of insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) – total and phosphorylated at a serine(307

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