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thyroid hormone diffusion through the plasma membrane has been questioned by the identification of several thyroid hormone transporters ( Hennemann et al. 2001 , Abe et al. 2002 ). Recently, the organic anion-transport polypeptide Oatp14 was reported
School of Medicine, Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Disciplines of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, 4006 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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School of Medicine, Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Disciplines of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, 4006 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
School of Medicine, Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Disciplines of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, 4006 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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School of Medicine, Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Disciplines of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, 4006 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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mechanisms by which thyroid hormones affect fetal neurological structures are still not well understood. This review will briefly discuss some current aspects of the role of thyroid hormones in fetal neurological development, focusing on TH transporters and
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hormones during development. In this paper, we will analyze the development of the human neocortex in the context of thyroid pathophysiology and review recent work on the expression of thyroid hormone transporters, deiodinases, and receptors through
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Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Granada, Spain
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study were to evaluate the effects of thyroid hormones on L-arginine transporters and other variables in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to examine the contributions of αvβ3 integrin and of phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K
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in NTIS; the role of thyroid hormone transporters Although changes in the circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones are commonly discussed in reference to NTIS, tissue thyroid status is governed by intracellular T 3 , particularly that which
Department of Physiology, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Physiology Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
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.83G) Rise in plasma T 3 30 weeks to birth 135 days to birth Birth to 3 weeks postnatally Gene and protein expression of thyroid hormone transporters 7–9 (0.18–0.23G) cerebral cortex Thyroid hormone receptor binding 10–16 (0.25–0.40G) brain, heart
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In 3T3-L1 adipocytes we have examined the effect of tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) on glucose transport, total protein content and subcellular distribution of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters. Cells incubated in T(3)-depleted serum were used as controls. Cells treated with T(3) (50 nM) for three days had a 3.6-fold increase in glucose uptake (P<0.05), and also presented a higher insulin sensitivity, without changes in insulin binding. The two glucose carriers, GLUT1 and GLUT4, increased by 87% (P<0.05) and 90% (P<0. 05), respectively, in cells treated with T(3). Under non-insulin-stimulated conditions, plasma membrane fractions obtained from cells exposed to T(3) were enriched with both GLUT1 (3. 29+/-0.69 vs 1.20+/-0.29 arbitrary units (A.U.)/5 microg protein, P<0.05) and GLUT4 (3.50+/-1.16 vs 0.82+/-0.28 A.U./5 microg protein, P<0.03). The incubation of cells with insulin produced the translocation of both glucose transporters to plasma membranes, and again cells treated with T(3) presented a higher amount of GLUT1 and GLUT4 in the plasma membrane fractions (P<0.05 and P<0.03 respectively). These data indicate that T(3) has a direct stimulatory effect on glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes due to an increase in GLUT1 and GLUT4, and by favouring their partitioning to plasma membranes. The effect of T(3) on glucose uptake induced by insulin can also be explained by the high expression of both glucose transporters.
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granule cell axons in the developing cerebellum . Neural Development 3 7 . ( doi:10.1186/1749-8104-3-7 ) Bernal J Guadano-Ferraz A Morte B 2015 Thyroid hormone transporters-functions and clinical implications . Nature Reviews
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School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathology, Fetal Medicine Centre, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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as a specific thyroid hormone transporter . Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 40128 – 40135 . ( doi:10.1074/jbc.M300909200 ) Friesema EC Grueters A Biebermann H Krude H von Moers A Reeser M Barrett TG Mancilla EE Svensson J Kester MH 2004
Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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Division of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4 LP, UK
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. References Abe T , Suzuki T, Unno M, Tokui T & Ito S 2002 Thyroid hormone transporters: recent advances. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 13 215 –220. Bacon BJ , Gilbert RD & Longo LD 1986
